An Investigation into the Potent Anticancer, Antimicrobial, and Anti-inflammatory Activities of a Punica granatum Nanoemulgel

Ahmad M Eid, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine.Follow
Murad Abualhasan, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
Yara Khaliliya, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
Zeina Sinan, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine.
Aya Khaliliya, Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine.

Abstract

Purpose: The objective of this study is to formulate a nanoemulgel using Punica granatum (P. granatum) seed oil and study the antibacterial, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory properties. Methods: The process to formulate a nanoemulsion from P. granatum seed oil involved using the self-nanoemulsifying technique, with Span 80 and Tween 80 serving as the emulsifying agents. Carbopol hydrogel was combined with the nanoemulsion to produce the nanoemulgel. The particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), rheological behavior, antibacterial, cytotoxic, and anti-inflammatory properties were subsequently examined.

Results: The nanoemulsion formulation with a PDI of 0.229 and a particle size of 189.44 nm was identified as the optimal formulation. The P. granatum seed oil nanoemulgel showed significant effects on MRSA, K. pneumoniae, and C. albicans, with zone inhibition diameters of 29 ±1.1 mm, 26 ±1.8 mm, and 18 ±0.7 mm, respectively, and significant activity against LX-2, B16-F1, Hep-3B, and HeLa cancer cell lines with IC₅₀ values of 169.82 ±2.7, 39.81 ±0.8, 61.65 ±1.2, and 25.11 ±1.3 µg/mL, respectively, which were superior to those of the original oil. Regarding its anti-inflammatory effects, P. granatum seed oil demonstrated activity against both COX-1 and COX-2, with greater selectivity for COX-1.

Conclusions: Consequently, a novel P. granatum seed oil nanoemulgel was developed, representing a promising step forward in the development of pharmacological dosage forms

Recommended Citation

Eid, Ahmad M; Abualhasan, Murad; Khaliliya, Yara; Sinan, Zeina; and Khaliliya, Aya (2025) "An Investigation into the Potent Anticancer, Antimicrobial, and Anti-inflammatory Activities of a Punica granatum Nanoemulgel," BioMedicine: Vol. 15 : Iss. 3 , Article 2.
DOI: 10.37796/2211-8039.1663